Geographic information systems are utilized in multiple technologies, processes, techniques and methods. GIScience is often considered a subdiscipline of geography. Geographic information science, the academic discipline that studies these systems and their underlying geographic principles, may also be abbreviated as GIS, but the unambiguous GIScience is more common. It is roughly synonymous with geoinformatics and part of the broader geospatial field, which also includes GPS, remote sensing, etc. The uncounted plural, geographic information systems, also abbreviated GIS, is the most common term for the industry and profession concerned with these systems. In a broader sense, one may consider such a system to also include human users and support staff, procedures and workflows, body of knowledge of relevant concepts and methods, and institutional organizations.
#HAWAII VECTORIAL MAP SOFTWARE#
These data are provisional and may be subject to change.A geographic information system ( GIS) is a type of database containing geographic data (that is, descriptions of phenomena for which location is relevant), combined with software tools for managing, analyzing, and visualizing those data. Number of confirmed cases in past 3 years Arbovirus
Case Counts of Mosquito-Transmitted Diseases of Direct Threat to Hawaii Number of confirmed cases during 2022Īs of August 1st, 2022 (Case counts will be updated on the first working day of each month) However, it is important for travelers to be aware of these serious diseases and where they occur in the world so they may protect themselves.įor health-related information for your travel destination, visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) “Traveler’s Health” site. Some mosquito-transmitted diseases (e.g., malaria or Japanese encephalitis virus) are not likely to ever be a threat because the mosquito species needed to spread the disease are not found in Hawaii. Mosquito-borne diseases are not felt to be an immediate threat in Hawaii-e.g., because travelers are usually vaccinated (yellow fever) or disease spread requires a sick bird to travel all the way from the mainland (West Nile virus). You can protect yourself and your family by getting rid of mosquito breeding sites (i.e., areas with standing water) around your home and by taking steps to protect yourself from mosquito bites (like using mosquito repellent). Mosquito-borne diseases may cause serious illness. Specifically, Aedes albopictus may be found on all islands, while Aedes aegypti has only been found in some areas on the Big Island.
For example, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus diseases are transmitted by the day-biting Aedes (Stegomyia) mosquitoes, which are found here in Hawaii. It is usually the female mosquitoes, rather than the males, that bite, so they can lay their eggs afterward.Not all mosquitoes transmit diseases, and many diseases are only spread by certain mosquito species. After a certain period of time (e.g., a week), these mosquitoes become able to infect the next humans they bite. These disease often cycle back and forth from mosquito to human and back so that if an uninfected mosquito bites a human who is infected with one of these particular diseases, the mosquito can become infected themselves. Some diseases are transmitted to humans by mosquitoes.
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